草房子桑桑的故事有哪些 草房子桑桑生病的经历
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鼠仓呗桑桑得的是鼠疮
桑桑得的是鼠疮
在油麻地，桑桑算得上是个幸福的孩子，父亲是校长，妈妈是普通农民，还有个可爱的妹妹，一家四口就住在学校。物质生活上，“桑桑不缺橡皮，不缺砚台，也有钱买糖块和小芝麻饼吃”成绩也不错，尤其是作文，常常被老师拿来读。平时父亲忙也很少管束桑桑，母亲对桑桑的教育方式不是打就是骂，从而造就了桑桑叛逆的性格。但是父母都是心地善良的好人。在这种环境下成长的桑桑是个性格丰满的孩子。桑桑和大多数同龄孩子一样顽皮，天真好奇：用家里的碗柜做“高级鸽笼”；用蚊帐打鱼虾；夏天看到捂在棉套里的冰棍，自己也穿大棉袄……桑桑的这些举动让人忍俊不禁，这恰恰是他的可爱之处。桑桑勇敢，讲义气：当他看到刘一水等人欺负纸月时，他非常勇敢地去解救纸月。桑桑还是个心地善良的孩子：杜小康家落败后，桑桑仍然让把他当做好朋友；没人敢靠近细马，桑桑却愿意与他为伴；人们抵触秦大奶奶，他却和秦大奶奶相处的很好，秦大奶奶去世了，他会非常伤心。从这些方面我们可以看出桑桑是个小英雄形象，但是小说中作者并不是要把桑桑刻画成一个概念化的单一的完美形象，我们还看到了他性格的另一方面：秃鹤“带帽子”抢走了他“穿棉衣”的风头，使他被冷落了，他会生气，和班上的同学一起捉弄秃鹤；杜小康在很多方面比他强，桑桑会有点嫉妒他，玩捉迷藏游戏时桑桑不愿意带他玩。但是杜小康用自行车就让他丢掉了“骨气”。从这些方面我们又看到了他的小小虚荣心。但当桑桑得知自己生命垂危，毫无希望的时候，他没有抱怨、没有暴躁，这时，“桑桑对谁都比以往任何时候显得更加善良”，“愿意为人做任何事情”、“甚至愿意为羊，为牛，为鸽子，为麻雀们做任何事情”。之所以会这样，是因为桑桑周围的环境变了，人们都对他非常好，他的心里充满了感动与感激。这就是作者给我们展示的一个性格丰满的小男孩。桑桑的生活环境、经历、教养、心里素质等都影响了他独特个性的形成。父母的正直、善良、宽厚，乡村淳朴的民风是桑桑这一人物性格形成的主要原因。
草房子桑桑的故事有哪些
据专家考证，“吹牛（皮）”一词起源于黄河上游一带。古代的交通不太发达，当黄河流经青海、甘肃、宁夏、陕西等省境内时，因沿途水急滩险多流沙，很难行舟（木制船难操纵还常被撞坏）。因此黄河上游沿岸的居民为解决渡河运输上的困难，就想出了“皮筏代舟”的办法。
所以，皮筏子是黄河沿岸人们渡河时，最具特色的传统工具。皮筏子古代又称“革船”，因其使用羊皮或牛皮制成而得名。当人们宰杀牛、羊时，先剥下牛、羊的整张毛皮，然后用盐水将整张毛皮脱毛，再把植物油涂抹在四肢及颈部，最后将其浸水、曝晒，让整张皮变得松软后用细绳将其缝制成袋状，只留一个小孔。对着小孔吹足气后，将小孔封紧，然后把多个皮袋固定在木排下，如此就制成一个皮筏了。
当然，在古代是没有打气筒和帮浦可利用的，要想将羊皮袋灌饱气，就只能靠嘴吹了。虽然羊皮袋体积较小，可以用嘴直接吹起，但是吹的人也要体格强壮、肺活量很大才能吹得起。而牛皮袋由于体积太大，想用嘴直接吹起来根本就不可能。如果要把牛皮袋灌满气，通常就必须由几个肺活量大的成人，轮流往牛皮袋里吹气。
因此，在黄河上游一带，如果有人说他能吹起牛皮袋，当地的人听了，没人会相信，都会认为他是在说大话；而对喜欢夸口炫耀自己的人，当地居民往往会说∶“你要真有本事，就到黄河边上去吹牛皮好了！”从此，“吹牛（皮）”不仅成了“夸口说大话”的代名词，并逐渐流传开来
吹牛：源于屠夫。从前（现在也还有），杀猪宰羊，血放完了以后，屠夫会在猪羊的腿上靠近蹄子处割开一个小口，用一根铁条插进去捅一捅，然后把嘴凑上去使劲往里吹气，直到猪羊全身都膨胀起来。这样，剥皮的时候就会很方便，用刀轻轻一拉，皮就会自己裂开。这叫吹猪或吹羊。如果用这种方法对付牛，就叫吹牛。
但宰牛的时候，屠夫极少用这种方法，因为牛体形庞大，皮又很坚韧，皮下脂肪又少，要把整头牛吹胀起来，非有极为强健的横膈肌和巨大的肺活量不可，断非常人所能为。谁要是说他能吹牛，那他百分之九十九点九九九九是在“吹牛”！
“吹牛”又叫“吹牛皮”，但不明其来源的人，为了进一步强化其贬义，将它连谐带讹地说成“吹牛B”或略作“牛B”；由于这最后一个字在书面上常用“×”来代替，所以，现在又有人把“吹牛”说成“牛叉”。
人在“吹牛”的时候，常常会显得气势夺人。依据这一点，人们又把运势走旺的人和事形容为“真牛”（真棒）。股市的“牛市”“熊市”中的“牛”并不来源于此。股市上涨，走势曲线便向上扬起，形状恰似昂头立角的公牛的轮廓；下跌，曲线便呈下弯的弧形，与弓背垂首的熊相似。
不过，“牛市”之“牛”，与“真牛”之“牛”来源虽不相同，但在“运势走旺”这一点上却是一致的。
草房子桑桑生病的经历
狗和影子(The Dog and the Shadow)It happened that a Dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying it home in his mouth to eat it in peace. Now, on his way home he had to cross a plank lying across a running brook. As he crossed, he looked down and saw his own shadow reflected in the water beneath. Thinking it was another dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also. So he made a snap at the shadow in the water, but as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, dropped into the water and was never seen more.
一只狗嘴里衔着一块肉，走过一条河上面的桥，看见他自己在水里的影子，以为是另一只狗，那时狗衔着的肉，比他自己的还要大一倍。因此他仍掉自己的那一块，狠狠地扑向那只狗，想夺到那一块较大的肉。结果两头都落了空，因为他想要抓取在水中的那一块，只不过是一个影子，而原来的那一块，也被水冲走了。
Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow.
谨记，切莫因追逐幻影而丢失已有的东西。
The Thirsty Pigeon口渴的鸽子
A PIGEON, oppressed by excessive thirst, saw a goblet of water
painted on a signboard. Not supposing it to be only a picture,
she flew towards it with a loud whir and unwittingly dashed
against the signboard, jarring herself terribly. Having broken
her wings by the blow, she fell to the ground, and was caught by
one of the bystanders.
Zeal should not outrun discretion.
有只鸽子口渴得很难受，看见画板上画着一个水瓶，以为是真的。他立刻呼呼地猛飞过 去，不料一头碰撞在画板上，折断了翅膀，摔在地上，被人轻易地捉住了。
这是说，有些人想急于得到所需的东西，一时冲动，草率从事，就会身遭不幸。
(The Dog and the Shadow)It happened that a Dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying it home in his mouth to eat it in peace. Now, on his way home he had to cross a plank lying across a running brook. As he crossed, he looked down and saw his own shadow reflected in the water beneath. Thinking it was another dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also. So he made a snap at the shadow in the water, but as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, dropped into the water and was never seen more.
狗和影子：一只狗嘴里衔着一块肉，走过一条河上面的桥，看见他自己在水里的影子，以为是另一只狗，那时狗衔着的肉，比他自己的还要大一倍。因此他仍掉自己的那一块，狠狠地扑向那只狗，想夺到那一块较大的肉。结果两头都落了空，因为他想要抓取在水中的那一块，只不过是一个影子，而原来的那一块，也被水冲走了。
参考资料
爱童书：http://www.aitongshu.com/tale/10010/
an old woman had a cat. the cat was very old; she could not run quickly, and she could not bite, because she was so old. one day the old cat saw a mouse; she jumped and caught the mouse. but she could not bite it; so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, because the cat could not bite it.
then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse. she began to hit the cat. the cat said, "do not hit your old servant. i have worked for you for many years, and i would work for you still, but i am too old. do not be unkind to the old, but remember what good work the old did when they were young."
【译文】
老猫
一位老妇有只猫，这只猫很老，它跑不快了，也咬不了东西，因为它年纪太大了。一天，老猫发现一只老鼠，它跳过去抓这只老鼠，然而，它咬不住这只老鼠。因此，老鼠从它的嘴边溜掉了，因为老猫咬不了它。
于是，老妇很生气，因为老猫没有把老鼠咬死。她开始打这只猫，猫说：“不要打你的老仆人，我已经为你服务了很多年，而且还愿意为你效劳，但是，我实在太老了，对年纪大的不要这么无情，要记住老年人在年青时所做过的有益的事情。”
The Fox and the Cat 狐狸和猫
It happened that the cat met Mr. Fox in the woods. She thought, "He is intelligent and well experienced, and is highly regarded in the world," so she spoke to him in a friendly manner, "Good-day, my dear Mr. Fox. How is it going How are you How are you getting by in these hard times"
The fox, filled with arrogance, examined the cat from head to feet, and for a long time did not know whether he should give an answer. At last he said, "Oh, you poor beard-licker, you speckled fool, you hungry mouse hunter, what are you thinking Have you the nerve to ask how I am doing What do you know How many tricks do you understand"
"I understand but one," answered the cat, modestly.
"What kind of a trick is it" asked the fox.
"When the dogs are chasing me, I can jump into a tree and save myself."
"Is that all" said the fox. "I am master of a hundred tricks, and in addition to that I have a sackful of cunning. I feel sorry for you. Come with me, and I will teach you how one escapes from the dogs."
Just then a hunter came by with four dogs. The cat jumped nimbly up a tree, and sat down at its top, where the branches and foliage completely hid her.
"Untie your sack, Mr. Fox, untie your sack," the cat shouted to him, but the dogs had already seized him, and were holding him fast.
"Oh, Mr. Fox," shouted the cat. "You and your hundred tricks are left in the lurch. If you been able to climb like I can, you would not have lost your life."
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