西绪福斯的故事 西绪福斯神话来源于哪里
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西绪福斯受到神的惩罚，他要把一块巨石推上山顶，但石头因自身的重量又滚下山去，他要下山重新推巨石上山，如此周而复始。加缪认为西绪福斯是个荒诞的英雄，他以整个身心致力于一种看似没有效果的事业，但他对生命的激情和对神的蔑视使自己变得无比强大，从而超越命运的摆布。加缪从这个神话故事中，看到了人生的荒诞宿命，他试图通过思辨澄清荒诞对人的意义。
在西方世界，西绪神斯的故事由来久矣，他一直被当作勇气和毅力的象征。他不但有毅力和勇气，还有一份极难得的清醒，他知道苦难没有尽头，但他没有气馁，没有悲观，更没有怨天尤人。西绪福斯是悲剧的英雄，成为与命运捕击的人类的象征。他不肯放弃生活，虽然人间生活以黑暗地狱作为终点，但其旅程究竟还是可以充满欢乐。他明明知道劳而无功，却仍然一次次把石头推上山顶。人必须认识到命运的荒诞性并且加以轻蔑相对待，这不仅是苦难中的人唯一出路，而且是可能带来幸福的唯一出路。人可以在奋斗的过程发现幸福，而不把希望寄托在奋斗的终点。
西绪福斯受到神的惩罚，他要把一块巨石推上山顶，但石头因自身的重量又滚下山去，他要下山重新推巨石上山，如此周而复始。加缪认为西绪福斯是个荒诞的英雄，他以整个身心致力于一种看似没有效果的事业，但他对生命的激情和对神的蔑视使自己变得无比强大，从而超越命运的摆布。加缪从这个神话故事中，看到了人生的荒诞宿命，他试图通过思辨澄清荒诞对人的意义。
在西方世界，西绪神斯的故事由来久矣，他一直被当作勇气和毅力的象征。他不但有毅力和勇气，还有一份极难得的清醒，他知道苦难没有尽头，但他没有气馁，没有悲观，更没有怨天尤人。西绪福斯是悲剧的英雄，成为与命运捕击的人类的象征。他不肯放弃生活，虽然人间生活以黑暗地狱作为终点，但其旅程究竟还是可以充满欢乐。他明明知道劳而无功，却仍然一次次把石头推上山顶。人必须认识到命运的荒诞性并且加以轻蔑相对待，这不仅是苦难中的人唯一出路，而且是可能带来幸福的唯一出路。人可以在奋斗的过程发现幸福，而不把希望寄托在奋斗的终点。
西西弗斯是希腊神话中的人物，与更加悲剧的俄狄浦斯王类似，西西弗斯是科林斯的建立者和国王。他甚至一度绑架了死神，让世间没有了死亡。最后，西西弗斯触犯了众神，诸神为了惩罚西西弗斯，便要求他把一块巨石推上山顶，而由于那巨石太重了，每每未上山顶就又滚下山去，前功尽弃，于是他就不断重复、永无止境地做这件事——诸神认为再也没有比进行这种无效无望的劳动更为严厉的惩罚了。西西弗斯的生命就在这样一件无效又无望的劳作当中慢慢消耗殆尽。
根据《荷马史诗》，西西弗斯是人间最足智多谋的人，他是科林斯的建城者和国王。当宙斯掳走河神伊索普斯(Aesopus)的女儿伊琴娜(Aegina)，河神曾到科林斯找寻其女，知悉此事的西西弗斯以一条四季常流的河川做为交换条件告知。由于泄露了宙斯的秘密，宙斯便派出死神要将他押下地狱。没有想到西西弗斯却用计绑架了死神，导致人间长久以来都没有人死去，一直到死神被救出为止，西西弗斯也被打入冥界。
在被打入冥界前，西西弗斯嘱咐妻子墨洛珀(Merope)不要埋葬他的尸体。到了冥界后，西西弗斯告诉冥后帕尔塞福涅(Persephone)，一个没有被埋葬的人是没有资格待在冥界的，并请求给予三天告假还阳处理自己的后事。没有想到，西西弗斯一看到美丽的大地就赖着不走不想回冥府去了。直到其死后，西西弗斯被判逐出到地狱那边，在那里，他每天要把一块沉重的大石头推到非常陡的山上，然后朝边上迈一步出去，再眼看着这个大石头滚到山脚下面。西西弗斯要永远地、并且没有任何希望地重复着这个毫无意义的动作。
西绪福斯的故事
THRIFT 节俭
There is not a (no) thrifty man but becomes a rich man sooner or later. WhyBecause he will not spend such money as is unnecessary. Little by little his money will accumulate. Ten to one, he is bound to make a fortune.
I do not like such men as spend their money in a wrong way. They do not know extravagance is a bad thing. It can only make them happy for the time being. In short, thrift makes poor men rich and extravagance makes rich men poor.
没有一个节俭的人迟早不成为一个富翁。为什么？因为他决不花像那种不必要的钱。渐渐他的钱就会聚积起来。十之八九，他一定会发财的。
我不喜欢那种乱花钱的人。他们不知道奢侈是一件坏事。它只能够使他们暂时快乐而已。总而言之，节俭使穷人变富，奢侈使富人变穷。
PERSEVERANCE 毅力／坚忍
Needless to say, nothing but perseverance can lead a man to the way of success. In other words, a persevering man never does his work without succeeding in it. This is indeed unchangeable truth.
Our National Father, Dr. Sun Yat-Sen, is the most ideal example. He was devoted to the revolution about forty years. He met with many failures, but he was anything but discouraged. As a result, he won. The Republic of China was born.
不需说，只有毅力才能引导人迈向成功之途。换句话说，一个具有毅力的人做工作终是(never...without)会把它做成功的。这真是不易之定理也。
我们国父孙中山先生是一个最理想的例了.致力国民革命凡四十年。他遭遇到许多次的失败，但是他决不灰心。结果，他赢了。中华民国诞生了。
WHERE THERE IS A WILL, THERE IS A WAY 有志者事竟成
The secret of success (The key to success) is not so much money as a strong will. A great man is one who has a strong will and an indomitable spirit. In other words, if a man does not have a strong will to win (get) the final victory, he will never succeed in his life. He is no more than a failure.
It is quite obvious that there is no difficult thing (nothing difficult) in the world. if you make up your mind to do it, you will certainly accomplish your end. That stands to reason.
成功的要诀不是金钱而是一个坚强的意志（用not so mush... as）。一个大人物是一个具有坚强意志和不屈不挠精神的人。换句话说，如果一个人没有坚强意志去获得最后胜利的人，他终其一生永远不会成功。他只不过是（用no more than）一个失败者。
很显明的世界上并没有难事。如果你下定决心去做它，你一定会达到目的。那是显而易见的。
英文哲理短文19篇 1. feeling in snow as soon as i walked outside, i was greeted with the shimmering white blanket of cold. despite the chill overwhelming my skin, inside i was warm. i felt as though i could be giving off heat; i had the desire to stay out in this freeze for hours. it was the type of day that speaks to you through its elements; i took a deep breath to hear more snow was coming. as i walked i looked up, trying to realize what made this day so beautiful, so serene. it was as if time had been put temporarily on hold and i along with it. or maybe i was the only one unpaused…either way, the solitude was comforting, and i sensed myself floating away. i sat down on the edge of a curb and listened. all there was to hear was the wind rushing over the top of my head and circling some old, cracking leaves some yards away. to me it was the reassuring sound of nature, trying not to be forgotten. it did start to snow. none of those little flurries, but big, fat flakes which clung immediately to their surface. then it was time to go and my reverie had to end. as i began walking again, i drifted back into this time frame, calm and cleared. now if only i could remember where i was going. 中文：雪天随想 刚出门，便扑面而来一大片晶莹雪白的冰凉。冷气袭来，肌肤阵阵战栗，而内心却温暖如初。觉得自己似乎能发热，因而渴望在这寒冷中长时间驻足。这是一个大自然与你交流的日子。我深深地吸了一口气，静听雪花飘落，源源不绝。 漫步雪中，举目四顾，我努力思索是什么竟然能够把这一天变得如此美丽和宁静。那一刻，时间仿佛静止了，而我也定在其中。或者，只有我一个人在前行…… 无论如何，这种孤寂却令人欣慰。我仿佛脱离了尘世。坐在路边，仔细聆听。只有风从头顶掠过，卷走几码远的干枯树叶。在我心中，这是大自然给人安慰、令人难忘的声音。 真的下雪了！不是零星小雪，而是鹅毛大雪，一落地就凝结在一起了。 该结束沉思离开了！我举步前行时，思绪又转回到现实中来，而此时感觉如此平静，如此清新。 我实在记不得我要往何处去了！
西绪福斯神话来源于哪里
狗和影子(The Dog and the Shadow)It happened that a Dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying it home in his mouth to eat it in peace. Now, on his way home he had to cross a plank lying across a running brook. As he crossed, he looked down and saw his own shadow reflected in the water beneath. Thinking it was another dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also. So he made a snap at the shadow in the water, but as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, dropped into the water and was never seen more.
一只狗嘴里衔着一块肉，走过一条河上面的桥，看见他自己在水里的影子，以为是另一只狗，那时狗衔着的肉，比他自己的还要大一倍。因此他仍掉自己的那一块，狠狠地扑向那只狗，想夺到那一块较大的肉。结果两头都落了空，因为他想要抓取在水中的那一块，只不过是一个影子，而原来的那一块，也被水冲走了。
Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow.
谨记，切莫因追逐幻影而丢失已有的东西。
The Thirsty Pigeon口渴的鸽子
A PIGEON, oppressed by excessive thirst, saw a goblet of water
painted on a signboard. Not supposing it to be only a picture,
she flew towards it with a loud whir and unwittingly dashed
against the signboard, jarring herself terribly. Having broken
her wings by the blow, she fell to the ground, and was caught by
one of the bystanders.
Zeal should not outrun discretion.
有只鸽子口渴得很难受，看见画板上画着一个水瓶，以为是真的。他立刻呼呼地猛飞过 去，不料一头碰撞在画板上，折断了翅膀，摔在地上，被人轻易地捉住了。
这是说，有些人想急于得到所需的东西，一时冲动，草率从事，就会身遭不幸。
(The Dog and the Shadow)It happened that a Dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying it home in his mouth to eat it in peace. Now, on his way home he had to cross a plank lying across a running brook. As he crossed, he looked down and saw his own shadow reflected in the water beneath. Thinking it was another dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also. So he made a snap at the shadow in the water, but as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, dropped into the water and was never seen more.
狗和影子：一只狗嘴里衔着一块肉，走过一条河上面的桥，看见他自己在水里的影子，以为是另一只狗，那时狗衔着的肉，比他自己的还要大一倍。因此他仍掉自己的那一块，狠狠地扑向那只狗，想夺到那一块较大的肉。结果两头都落了空，因为他想要抓取在水中的那一块，只不过是一个影子，而原来的那一块，也被水冲走了。
参考资料
爱童书：http://www.aitongshu.com/tale/10010/
an old woman had a cat. the cat was very old; she could not run quickly, and she could not bite, because she was so old. one day the old cat saw a mouse; she jumped and caught the mouse. but she could not bite it; so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, because the cat could not bite it.
then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse. she began to hit the cat. the cat said, "do not hit your old servant. i have worked for you for many years, and i would work for you still, but i am too old. do not be unkind to the old, but remember what good work the old did when they were young."
【译文】
老猫
一位老妇有只猫，这只猫很老，它跑不快了，也咬不了东西，因为它年纪太大了。一天，老猫发现一只老鼠，它跳过去抓这只老鼠，然而，它咬不住这只老鼠。因此，老鼠从它的嘴边溜掉了，因为老猫咬不了它。
于是，老妇很生气，因为老猫没有把老鼠咬死。她开始打这只猫，猫说：“不要打你的老仆人，我已经为你服务了很多年，而且还愿意为你效劳，但是，我实在太老了，对年纪大的不要这么无情，要记住老年人在年青时所做过的有益的事情。”
The Fox and the Cat 狐狸和猫
It happened that the cat met Mr. Fox in the woods. She thought, "He is intelligent and well experienced, and is highly regarded in the world," so she spoke to him in a friendly manner, "Good-day, my dear Mr. Fox. How is it going How are you How are you getting by in these hard times"
The fox, filled with arrogance, examined the cat from head to feet, and for a long time did not know whether he should give an answer. At last he said, "Oh, you poor beard-licker, you speckled fool, you hungry mouse hunter, what are you thinking Have you the nerve to ask how I am doing What do you know How many tricks do you understand"
"I understand but one," answered the cat, modestly.
"What kind of a trick is it" asked the fox.
"When the dogs are chasing me, I can jump into a tree and save myself."
"Is that all" said the fox. "I am master of a hundred tricks, and in addition to that I have a sackful of cunning. I feel sorry for you. Come with me, and I will teach you how one escapes from the dogs."
Just then a hunter came by with four dogs. The cat jumped nimbly up a tree, and sat down at its top, where the branches and foliage completely hid her.
"Untie your sack, Mr. Fox, untie your sack," the cat shouted to him, but the dogs had already seized him, and were holding him fast.
"Oh, Mr. Fox," shouted the cat. "You and your hundred tricks are left in the lurch. If you been able to climb like I can, you would not have lost your life."
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